Ur III

Description:

The Ur III Period, or Third Dynsaty of Ur arose after the Guti Dynasty of Sumer, and the following power struggle among the city-states. Ur-Nammu expanded the empire to the modern day border with Turkey. This period is also known as the Neo-Sumerian Empire, because of the resurgence of Sumerian art, language, and literature. Shulgi centralized and standardized procedures of the empire, the administrative processes, and tax systems. The dynasty fell to the Elamites, and then to the Amorites.

Ultra Low Chronology: 2018-1911 BCE

Short/Low Chronology: 2048-1940 BCE

Middle Chronology: 2112-2004 BCE

Long/High Chronology: 2161-2054 BCE

Objects: Ur III Export: JSON - XML - CSV

U Number	Museum Number (UPM Date Reg Number)	Museum Number (BM Registration Number)	Museum Number (UPM B-number)	Description (Catalog Card)
10633	(none)	(none)	(none)	Clay Cone Fragt. Not identified of rim-sin (?) H.C..8
10635A	(none)	(none)	(none)	(none)
10636	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablet Small note (3 lines only) concerning 21 gis su-nir Ur III Dyn. ? or earlier? H.C.364.
10640	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablets etc These 10 inscribed fragments brought in at the end of the season not yet studied U.10639 calcite fragment U.10640 fragment of foundation tablet U.10641 fragment of inscribed bead. U.10642 fragment of text in writing like Assyrian U.10643-U.10647 fragments of account tablets U.10648 seal impression
10653	(none)	(none)	(none)	[Card Missing]
10849	(none)	1928,1010.395	(none)	Copper Bowl Flattened hemisphere: no base Type III
11001	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablet. Large fragment (& apparently a small join) of large tablet (dated) dealing with palm gardens. UR III Dynasty ? (no date) 2 kinds of palms mentioned NB. 2 gates (of Ur?) and a canal named. HC..363.
11002	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablet. Account of wool received (NB. lal? below gu-?) cf. 11008 and 11007?) (47) x 39mm......Note on U.11002-11040. Children brought in 51 fragments of business documents from near the surface of Room 6 of Edub-lal-mah. 39 are kept and described in this catalog. Dates: 36 and 37 Dungi (probably): cf. U.11019 and 11004 and Bur-sin 5: cf. U.11012 and 11030. All seem to be notes of goods received. Su-ba-an-ti occurs on U.11005(?) U.11013 and 11019 to 11026. Few formulas preserved: ki-, U.11011; dub-, U.11027; mu-tum, U.11013, U.11030; mas-da-ri-a, U.11012). U.11028 and following - ? the e-dub-ba is mentioned U.11030, 11031 and perhaps in U.11032, 11019 Contents: U.11002-11010 (probably) deal with wool, weavers, or clothes: U.11011-11014 with beasts: U.11015-11018 with corn. The functionary Ur-Dungi-ra occurs probably on 9 tablets (U.11010, 11013, 11019 to 11023, U.11026 and seal 11036). cf. also U.10628 to 10630. cf. further U.11041 & ff. HC..325
11004	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablet. Fragment dated mu-us-( bad-gal ma-( ) mus-us-s (a ) - a new from of date for Dungi 37? (cf. U.11042) It will follow further that the bad-gal of U.11019 and elsewhere (U.10617, U.10629, 10630) is the Bad-gal ma-da. Seal impression of Na...dub-sar: dumu AraddN (annar?) HC..327
11005	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablets. Other fragments (probably) referring to clothes, wool, and weavers. HC..328
11012	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablet. Account of a masdaria of asses? Dated: mu-en-am-gal-an-n (a?) endninni ba-su -- Bur-sin 5 (new? confirming T. Dangin Anm. e & f.) HC..335
11018	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablets. Fragments of accounts (corn?) U.11016 and 11017 similar. HC..341
11019	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablet. Receipt of-dated Mu-us-sa; bad-gal-ba-du. cf. U.11004. HC..342
11036	47-29-444	(none)	(none)	Seal Impression. 1-fragment from Dub-lalmah archive. Seal of son of Ur-dingir-ra? Lugal Ka-gi-na. Present: scene showing only Patron (with both hands raised) and Client. HC..177
11041	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablet. UR III: acount clothing stuff received. Ur dungi-ra suba-an-ti and e-dub-ba occur again. HC..359
11043	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablet. UR III, accounts, Offering of sheep for a new moon feast: date (fragmentary) - new ?? HC..361
11044	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablet. UR III: Accounts. Clothes-stuff taken in charge. date: - new??? or cf. SAK. 235. 6 m ?? HC..362
11045	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablet. UR III accounts. HC..365
11047	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablet. UR III accounts. HC..367
11050	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablet. UR III accounts. HC..370
11053	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablets. These 12 tablets fragments, brought in at the end of the season from Ziggurat Courtyard ostensibly (perhaps really from DLM?) [U.11053-U.11064] Not yet studied. All are UR III accounts. (except U.11062 ?)
11054	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablets. These 12 tablets fragments, brought in at the end of the season from Ziggurat Courtyard ostensibly (perhaps really from DLM?) [U.11053-U.11064] Not yet studied. All are UR III accounts. (except U.11062 ?)
11055	(none)	(none)	(none)	Tablets. These 12 tablets fragments, brought in at the end of the season from Ziggurat Courtyard ostensibly (perhaps really from DLM?) [U.11053-U.11064] Not yet studied. All are UR III accounts. (except U.11062 ?)
11056	(none)	1948,0423.28	(none)	Tablets. These 12 tablets fragments, brought in at the end of the season from Ziggurat Courtyard ostensibly (perhaps really from DLM?) [U.11053-U.11064] Not yet studied. All are UR III accounts. (except U.11062 ?)
11058	47-29-446, 47-29-446	(none)	(none)	Tablets. These 12 tablets fragments, brought in at the end of the season from Ziggurat Courtyard ostensibly (perhaps really from DLM?) [U.11053-U.11064] Not yet studied. All are UR III accounts. (except U.11062 ?)

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Locations: Ur III Export: JSON - XML - CSV

Context Title	Context Description	Description (Modern)
DP	The excavation area abbreviation DP probably stands for Dungi's Palace; Woolley believed the building with bricks marked e-hur-sag (thought to refer to Shulgi's palace) was too small to be what should be a grandiose building. Thus, he explored the area southeast of the giparu extensively looking for it. Most of his abbreviations for excavations in this area refer to the potential palace. When he found cylinders inscribed with the name of Shulgi beneath a partly ruined floor (excavation area abbreviation DT in the northwestern portion of area EH), he thought he might have found it or at least indications of it. This building turned out to be a temple dedicated to Dimtabba (now read Nimintabba) and its very partial remains extended beyond the line of the Neo-Babylonian temenos wall to the west. Woolley continued to dig into this western area under a new excavation abbreviation, DP. This area did not reveal a palace or additional ruins of the Nimintabba temple, but instead it showed denuded domestic space related to Hall's Area A excavations. Area DP became the northern portion of area EM, but only partial houses are shown here along what Woolley termed Quality Lane. The houses here were never published in great detail, but many of the DP graves appear on the area EM map as falling along Quality Lane.	(none)
Nimintabba Temple \| DT	The abbreviation DT stands for Dungi's Temple or Dimtabba Temple and this abbreviation is found within the larger EH excavation area; Woolley discovered cylinders inscribed with the name of Shulgi beneath a partly ruined floor in area EH and assigned the building it was associated with an excavation abbreviation of its own. The building's walls were almost completely destroyed, however, and thus were difficult to follow. They lay in the northwestern portion of area EH and originally defined a temple dedicated to the god Nimintabba (Woolley initially read the name as Dim-Tab-Ba). The ephemeral remains of the temple stretched underneath and beyond the Neo-Babylonian temenos wall and Woolley expanded excavation in search of the rest, but little more of the temple was found. The westward expansion of the excavation beyond the temenos wall became excavation area abbreviation DP.	(none)
Mausoleum Site \| BC	Woolley called the east corner of the Neo-Babylonian temenos the Bur-Sin Corner (area BC) because he found bricks of Bur-Sin (now read Amar-Sin or Amar-Suen) there in early season explorations. Area BC is particularly complex because it consists of substantial building in many periods. The largest building was of the Ur III period, and it is this building to which the abbreviation BC typically refers in field notes. It sits at the northeastern edge of the Royal Cemetery. The main Ur III building was 35 x 27m and its southwest wall was preserved two meters in height, while its northeast wall was largely destroyed. Its walls were built with inscribed bricks of Shulgi. The overall layout of the building is much like a courtyard house but on a large scale and with more ritual furnishings. Attached to this building were two annexes, one northwest and the other southeast, built with bricks of Shulgi's son, Amar-Sin (see context AD). Beneath the entire building were three very large vaults. All of them had been plundered in antiquity and only scattered fragments of artifacts and bones were discovered inside. Nonetheless, Woolley believed that these vaults originally held the remains of the Ur III kings. For this reason, area BC is sometimes referred to as the Mausoleum Site. The building was destroyed by Elamites, according to Woolley, and sometime thereafter houses of the Isin-Larsa/Old Babylonian period were constructed in the area (see House 30). Finally, the Neo-Babylonian Temenos wall was constructed over and through parts of the remains.	(none)
Mausolea of Amar-Sin \| AD	Amar-Sin annex to Shugli Mausoleum, The excavation area abbreviation AD was apparently duplicated by accident and thus refers to two different areas of the site. Legrain reported the abbreviation as "Annex of Dungi's Tomb," but he was not on site the year that the context was excavated. He placed the abbreviation with this meaning on cards he created for inscribed material that came to him in the museum. Some tablets and cylinder seals were found in the filling of the tomb annex and some even have a note that they are from Seal Impression Strata against the tomb or its foundational fill. These artifacts are clearly from the BC area, that of the Mausoleum of the Ur III kings built by Shulgi and his son Amar-Sin (Amar-Suen). Amar-Sin built two annexes onto the Shulgi building (See area BC), one to the northwest and the other to the southeast. It is not clear which of the two annexes Legrain was referring to with the abbreviation AD, probably either or both. Essentially artifacts from this use of AD can only be located generally to the overall BC area at the eastern edge of the Royal Cemetery (PG). On the excavation site the abbreviation AD was being used for the so-called Palace of Bel-Shalti-Nannar. Artifacts from the two separate AD contexts have been divided in the digital data wherever possible.	(none)