Enunmah | TTB | ES
| Context Title: | Enunmah | TTB | ES |
| Context Name (Excavation): | TTB; TTB.W; TTB.ES; TTB.SS; ES |
| Context Name (Publication): | E-nun-mah |
| Context Description: | That its foundation goes back behind the Third Dynasty of Ur is certain, for fragments of walls and pavements in pIano-convex brick (PI. 30a) prove the fact, but of the character of that original structure nothing can be said. Ur-Nammu was responsible for the temple in its existing form; he built it in mud brick, or at any rate made much use of that material, and his work was added to and probably completed by his son Dungi. Bur-Sin replaced with burnt brick the mud-brick walls of his grandfather and Gimil-Sin added further details. The temple was completely overthrown by the Elamites on the occasion of the downfall of Ibi-Sin and under the Isin Dynasty was rebuilt by Gimil-ilishu, who faithfully followed the lines of the Third Dynasty ground-plan. Ishme-Dagan, Nur-Adad, and Sin-idinnam all in turn undertook repairs of its structure and Kudur-Mabug seems to have done some more radical restoration, but his building was destroyed by the Babylonians in the time of Samsu-iluna. It was probably restored after a fashion not much later, but the first actual record of its re-establishment is that of Kuri-Galzu; the Kassite ruler still kept to the original plan, but added a few new features. His building was repaired, without any noticeable alterations, by Marduk-nadin-ahhe in the 11th century B.C. Nebuchadnezzar was the first to tamper seriously with the ancient ground-plan; his reconstruction involved a complete change of character corresponding to a change of ritual in the temple services, and in the temple as he left it the old E-nun-mah is barely recognisable. Nabonidus repaired but does not seem to have modified his predecessor's work. Finally we find, above the Nabonidus level, remains of a further reconstruction which we can attribute only to Cyrus of Persia.1 |
| Context Description: | The building was an almost exact square measuring some 57.00 m. in either direction; its angles were, as usual, orientated to the cardinal points of the compass. It was surrounded by a wall 2.70 m. thick strengthened by double buttresses, of which there were five on each side, and the area thus enclosed was raised to form a platform about 2.00 m. above the level of the ground outside; this wall is fairly well preserved on the NE (v. Pis. 28b., 29b), has suffered a good deal, and is partly masked by subsequent additions in the SE (PI. 29a), could be traced only by its foundations on the SW, where the building has been remodelled, and on the NW it has been completely eradicated by a drain of Nebuchadnezzar. There is a doorway in the SE wall which, however, would seem to have led only into two small chambers having no communication with the rest of the building. In view of the denudation of the walls, which here do not rise above floor level, it is not possible to assert definitely that such communication never existed, but the facts that the wall between rooms 17 and 18 is whereas in almost every other case the doorways can be distinguished even at this level (rooms 8, 9, and 10 are the sole exceptions), and that no hinge-box or doorsocket stone was found here, make the theory of a door hazardous. Probably the real entrance to the building was in the NW front.1 |
| [1] UE6 p.45 |
| Object | U Number | Museum Number (UPM Date Reg Number) | Museum Number (BM Registration Number) | Museum Number (UPM B-number) | Description (Catalog Card) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | 7815 | (none) | 1928,1009.525 | (none) | Brick? Inscription in a writing not yet identified: and scribblings. cf. U.6900. HC.35. |
| 7798 | (none) | 1928,1009.5 | (none) | Clay cone Large fragment =Siniddinam V 2900 (variants) HC.28 |
| 8336 | (none) | 1928,1009.458 | (none) | Spoon-bowl(?) A white steatite(?) Almost flat but very slightly concave. On one side and more prominently convex on the other. Broken at the spring of the handle. [drawing] |
| 7681 | (none) | 1928,1009.14 | (none) | Cylinder seal. Fragment. White marble. Rampant lion. Rampant bull. Attacked by hero with feathered headdress. |
| 7801 | (none) | 1928,1009.11 | (none) | Phoenician Inscription Ivory On a lid (of box) Dedication to Astart. HC.39 | |
| 7818B | (none) | 1928,1009.1 | (none) | [A-D] Gate sockets (four). Inscription of Marduk-nadin-ahi. c. 1116-1101. HC.40 |
| 2866 | (none) | 1927,1003.97 | (none) | Bronze inlay. Fragment of thin metal plate, engraved: stream of water from figure of Ea or Gilgamesh [drawing 1:1] | |
| 2757 | (none) | 1927,1003.9 | (none) | Clay cylindrical column of Sin-balatsuigbi. Copy of inscriptions of Bur-Sin recording the foundation of 3 statues Ivth column in Semitic: Copy of bricks from? Ur work of Bur-Sin king of Ur, (which) when searching for the plan lines of Egish-shirgal, Sinbalatsuigbi, vice regent of Ur (has found). Nabushumiddina son of Idin-an-ni-u. priest (kal-lu) of Sin, for inspection has singled and inscribed. On the top: (In front) of the shrine of Enlil. H.C. (A15, p384) | |
| 3178 | (none) | 1927,1003.83 | (none) | Polished malachite (?) fragment, transfixed with bronze pin, turned into an eye at one end. [drawing 9:10] |
| 2561 | (none) | 1927,1003.74 | (none) | Fragment of burnt alabaster jar with borings for colors of which blue and yellow still distinguishable. [drawing 1:1] |
| 3181 | (none) | 1927,1003.73 | (none) | Whetstone. Brown pebble, worn smooth, ends rounded. |
| 2732 | (none) | 1927,1003.58 | (none) | Statue of Da-da-i-lum. Fragment of bust. Inscription of 2 lines on right shoulder: Da-da-i-lum Si-lim ilZu-fa = Dadailum Protection of Sin. Name is semitic and also the prayer Silu(m) protection, and the writing to Zu-en (= Sin) H.C. |
| 3109 | (none) | 1927,1003.38 | (none) | Cone of Libit-Ishtar. Fragment. Same inscription: U.4, U.74. SAKI p.204. |
| 3081F | (none) | 1927,1003.268 | (none) | [A-F] Brick of Ur-Engur. To Anu king of gods, his king, Ur Engur, king of Ur, has planted the great orchard, the shrine the pure location, he has builtt. Cf. SAKI p.186F. H.C. |
| 2918 | (none) | 1927,1003.253 | (none) | Lapis lazuli bull. Couchant with head turned. Pierced in three places for suspension. |
| 3143 | (none) | 1927,1003.252 | (none) | Inlay fragment. Chevron of fine lapis. [drawing 1:1] |
| 2920 | (none) | 1927,1003.240 | (none) | Eye from figurine. Shell with pupil of lapis lazuli. [drawing 1:1] |
| 2937D.15 | (none) | 1927,1003.222 | (none) | Necklace [D] including 15 beads carnelian-1 glass- 1 pebble- 3 crystal- 2 paste- 2 sard-and [A-C] three cylinder seals. (A) Red marble Assyrian influence about BC 700. [Drawing] (B) Hematite: Sun god rising sword in hand on mountain-3 lines inscription worn out-BC 2000. (C) Limestone [Drawing]. [E Tablet according to British Museum. Not attested on field card] |
| 2802 | (none) | 1927,1003.174 | (none) | Terracotta figurine. Drab: female, nude, suckling child. Lower part of legs missing. [drawing 1:1] | |
| 2801 | (none) | 1927,1003.17 | (none) | Cone of Kudur Mabug. Only the stem, one section badly broken. To nannar his king He gives details on 10) restoration of Ebar-ra;, 20) Door of the great gate of Larsa, 80) peace to all inhabitants, 40) Ur and Larsa abide in? for his life and that of Warad-Sin his son, king of Larsa: he, 10) in the ( ) ki-temen, the place of his joy he introduced ( 1, 20) it stood in front of the god, 30) the e-sa-kalamma (house peace of the land) it is established... For which he expects protection from Nannar and Ningal... H.C. |
| 2870 | (none) | 1927,1003.111 | (none) | Bronze dagger. Thin metal : half piece pierced for fixing handle in the material good condition, hand broken but all complete [drawing 1:5] | |
| 2592 | (none) | 1927,1003.110 | (none) | Copper (?) sword. Bent in three. Handle missing. [drawing 1:10] |
| 3025 | (none) | 1927,1003.101 | (none) | Mass of copper nails. Oxidized together. Roughly oval mass, c. 85mm by 70mm. | |
| 1167 | (none) | 1924,0920.397 | (none) | Fragment from near the rim of an alabaster vase. |
| 1133 | (none) | 1924,0920.119 | (none) | Clay jar-stopper. Fragment with impression of archaic cylinder seal. Erect animals and men. [drawing 1:1] |
| Media | Media Title | Title | Label | Author | Omeka Label |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ur Excavations VI; The Ur III Period | Ur Excavations VI; The Ur III Period | 1974 | Woolley, Leonard | (none) |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0003 | GN0003 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0004 | GN0004 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0004a | GN0004a | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0005 | GN0005 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0006 | GN0006 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0007 | GN0007 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0008 | GN0008 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0009 | GN0009 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0010 | GN0010 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0011 | GN0011 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0012 | GN0012 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0013 | GN0013 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0014 | GN0014 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0015 | GN0015 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0018 | GN0018 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0019 | GN0019 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0020 | GN0020 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0021 | GN0021 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0026 | GN0026 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0028 | GN0028 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0029 | GN0029 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0030 | GN0030 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0030A | GN0030A | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0031 | GN0031 | (none) |
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Sibling Locations
AH Site | AH - City Wall | CLW - DP - Dublalmah | LL - EH Site | EH - Ehursag | HT - EM Site | EM - ESB - FH - Giparu | KP - Great Nanna Courtyard | PD - Harbor Temple - House 34/1 - House 34/2 - House Site - Kassite Fort - KPS Site | KPS - LT - LW - Mausoleum Site | BC - Neo-Babylonian Housing | NH - NNCF - NTB - P/103 - Palace of Bel-Shalti-Nannar | AD - Pit F - Royal Cemetery | PG - SM - Temenos Wall | TW - TTC - XNCF - Ziggurat Terrace | ZT
Child Locations
ES - Room 1 - Room 10 | TTB.16 - Room 11 | TTB.16/17/19 - Room 12 | TTB.16/17 - Room 13 | TTB.19 - Room 14 | TTB.20 - Room 15 | TTB.21 - Room 17 - Room 19 - Room 2 - Room 21 - Room 22 | TTB.31 - Room 23 - Room 25 - Room 3 - Room 32 - Room 33 - Room 34 - Room 35 - Room 36 - Room 5 | TTB.10 - Room 6 - Room 7 - Room 8 | TTB.14 - Room 9 | TTB.13 - TTB
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Context
Ur > Enunmah | TTB | ES
References
Woolley, Leonard. (1974) Ur Excavations VI; The Ur III Period, Oxford: Oxford University Press.